Kentridge’s charcoal drawings, filmed, erased, redrawn, and re-filmed, produce a distinctive “stop-motion” animation. Krauss shows this is not traditional cel animation nor simple film. Its rules:

Krauss herself addressed some of these in later essays, particularly on the “post-medium condition” and the work of artists like Stan Douglas and Pierre Huyghe.

In "Reinventing the Medium," Krauss argues that artists do not work in a vacuum; they work in relation to a set of conventions, techniques, and materials. 1. The Recursive Equation: Medium-Support-Convention