ffmpeg -i source_video.mp4 -vf "subtitles=hsoda030engsub_2021_clean.srt" \ -c:a copy -c:v libx264 -crf 23 -preset medium output_video.mp4
: Hardcoded subtitles ("burned-in" or open captions) are permanently merged into the video frames during the conversion process. Soft subtitles (closed captions) exist as a separate data text track that viewers can toggle on or off. Strings featuring "convert" often imply a hardcoding process where the text is permanently rendered into the video matrix. hsoda030engsub convert021021 min 2021