: Traditional X-ray films were increasingly replaced by digital imaging. Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) and Automatic Defect Recognition (ADR) algorithms improved the efficiency of X-ray inspections by automatically locating and classifying flaws.
Software developers began embedding machine learning algorithms into PAUT and digital radiography systems. By training neural networks on thousands of known weld defect images (such as porosity, slag inclusions, cracks, and undercut), these systems started automatically flagging anomalies. welding inspection technology 2020 pdf 2021
To ensure inspector safety and continuity of operations during lockdowns, the use of automated crawlers and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) spiked. : Traditional X-ray films were increasingly replaced by
: Identifying flaws such as porosity, inclusions, undercut, and lack of fusion, and determining when a "discontinuity" becomes a "defect" based on specific codes. Visual Inspection (VT) By training neural networks on thousands of known
Continued expanding criteria for the qualification and demonstration of digital and ultrasonic methodologies, recognizing them as fully equivalent or superior to film radiography under specific conditions.